According to Plato, man is a social and political animal. In order to further his experiences with another, he needs to socialize, and in order for man to socialize better, he needs to follow a set of standards and rules that would dictate his treatment and character towards the other. These set of standards would also further his relations and experiences with others from another culture or race. Thus, being political has always been an instinct of man. But, how did man become to be so political in the first place?

Politics has been a means to establish formal relationships with other people from other countries, states, or cities. All throughout history, different political entities have expanded from the basic monarchy and self-governance to the complex democratic and communist movements that are prevalent in several countries today.

Before we focus on the history of politics, let us go over the greatest icons and contributors of world politics. These people are noted for their achievements as a leader and their views on how a country should be run:

Adolf Hitler

Adolf Hitler was probably one of the most notorious dictators in the world. He was the leader of the Nazi Party and was the Chancellor of Germany from 1933 to 1945 and dictator of Nazi Germany from 1934 to 1945. Hitler was a proud supporter of anti-Semitism and anti-communism by establishing a fascist dictatorship.

Abraham Lincoln

Abraham Lincoln was the 16^th president of the United States and was known for his achievements like the abolition of slavery and the preservation of the United States. The former president is known, or credited, to have established the Republican form of government through a policy of reconciliation. He is considered as one of the greatest presidents in US history.

Joseph Stalin

Joseph Stalin was one of the greatest political leaders of the former USSR and was the General Secretary of the Communist party from 1922 until his death in 1953. He gained his popularity by working with the low-working class people through his various socio-economic reforms and policies. By the late 1930s, he created a campaign against corruption outside and inside the party and it was known as the Purge. This resulted in a number of execution of party members who were not loyal to Stalin.

Winston Churchill

Winston Churchill was the Prime Minister of United Kingdom and was one of the greatest politicians in the history of the country. He served as Prime Minister in 1940 until 1945 and again in 1951 to 1955. During the World War 2, Churchill maintained good relationship with US President Franklin Roosevelt and supported the USA after Pearl Harbour. Churchill was against communism and gave support to the Soviet Union against the German Invasion; when asked about his move, he stated that he rather choose communism than Nazism.

The History and Evolution of World Politics

Ancient civilizations

During the ancient times, societies didn’t have any formal or definite boundaries that modern states have today. To them, borders were like frontiers; crossing them would mean crossing to a new frontier. The first civilizations to define their borders were the Early dynastic Sumer and the Ancient dynastic Egypt, but for the past 200,000 years and up to the 20^th century, many people were still living in non-state societies.

The first states that arose during the Early Sumer and Ancient Egypt arose from the Uruk Period and Predynastic Egypt respectively, sometime in 3000BC. The earliest Egyptian civilizations settled around the Nile River and the boundaries of the kingdom extended across areas where oases are found. For the early Sumerians, they were located at lower Mesopotamia with their borders stretching from the Persian Gulf to the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers. Around 336BCE rose Alexander the Great, one of the most powerful men who rose in history. He forged several kingdoms which stretched from Greece to the Indian subcontinents and brought Mediterranean nations in contact with nations from the South and Central Asia.

The Roman Empire was the first Western civilization to accurately define their borders, though they were still referred to as frontiers, rather than defining a border according to its kingdom or Empire. These territories or frontiers that trailed off were indirectly ruled by others.

Middle ages

China was the first to establish separate bureaucracies across its different borders and continued to evolve during the Tang Dynasty. After the Tang Dynasty ended, the borders continued to expand under the rule of Chao K’uang during the Song Dynasty, but they were never able to expand further than the Tang Dynasty because of the constant Mongolian attacks.

In Western Europe, states were unified under the rule of Charlemagne during 800CE, along with countries like England, Scotland, Norway, and Iceland in 1000CE. They became a kingdom, or a Commonwealth, with a large group of people sharing culture and language. During this period, some countries like Poland and France ceased to exist as states.

Political turmoil was at its highest during the Middle Ages because of the invasions and colonisations. Empires who crumbled at the hands of invaders were forced to adapt to a new regime.

Modern politics

After the middle ages, the early modern era came into being and gave way to new kingdoms and empires under the rule of political leaders like Charles of Spain (1700), George Washington (1789), and Napoleon Bonaparte (1799); each of which were icons of political evolution in their respective states and countries.

The countries in Europe were also in turmoil; France was falling into debt and King Louis XVI assembled the Estates-General and turned the Third Estate into a national assembly. However, the people found it a bad idea for King Louis XVI to disband the assembly and this forced several uprisings and rebellions. By August of 1879, the members of the National Assembly created the Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen, which included freedom of speech, religion, and press.

George Washington was the first US president; the states ratified the US Constitution and converted from a confederation to a union in 1788.

Everything else followed suit after the 18^th century and the other leaders from nations across the globe contributed significantly to the growth and evolution of the politics that we all have come to know—both the good and the bad.

Let’s take an in depth look at those reasons:

Your customers expect you to be online

In today’s world, your customers are doing business online. No one uses the telephone directory to find a business anymore. And with most modern cell phones now being equipped as smart phones that can access the web, that trend is only going to increase. If you do not have a web presence, you are leaving money on the table. No matter what service or products you are selling, you must offer the ability for your customers to find you online and order from you online. It’s that simple. Without an online site for customers to turn to in order to buy what you are selling, you are closing the door on a huge audience of would-be clients and customers that will likely go elsewhere. Failing to have an ecommerce site makes your business take on a less-than-legitimate air, and positions you not as a frontrunner in your field, but as a lackey who is lagging behind the times.

Your competition is already online

That being said, it is important for you to realize that there is a good chance that your competition is already doing business online! Yes, they are raking in money that could be going in your pocket because your customers can’t find your merchandise or service offerings online and they can’t pay you over the internet, since you don’t have an ecommerce website design . Staying competitive in the modern marketplace is essential to growing your business strong and to satisfying the needs of an increasingly mobile audience. If the competition has already figured this out, that should be even greater impetus for you to get your website up and running now. You don’t want them to find your competitors and not find you, do you?

The internet is not a fad

An ecommerce website is a good investment because the internet is not merely a fad. It is here to stay and is poised to get bigger. With billions of dollars being spent online every year, e-commerce is not going anywhere (but up) soon. People love the convenience of shopping online, ordering products and services online, and even paying their invoices and bills online. Making money in your offline business requires that you maintain an online business that allows your offline customers to easily access your storefront, your expertise, or whatever else you may be selling at their leisure, 24/7/365, even while you sleep.

So when was the best time to get your ecommerce website design established?

Yesterday! Be where your customers are and take advantage of customers that you would otherwise not meet by offering your products and services to an online audience.

The practice of free trade has benefited some countries and have hurt others. The beneficiaries are those countries who offer great products and craftsmanship but suffer from difficulties in penetrating the market due to various hindrances. Conversely, the countries who have relied on trade restrictions to establish a monopoly of their local market have suffered.

With regards to the car industry, the market has long been dominated by the European manufacturers, with American and Japanese cars gaining a sizable share. New car manufacturers from different countries have emerged. They offer alternatives from the usual car giants--the Germans, the Italians and the British.

No other country has experienced a more rapid growth in the car industry than South Korea.It is currently the fifth largest in the world in terms of unit production and they are sixth in the world in export volume. Considering the stiff competition, it is not all too shabby. The rise of the the South Korean automotive industry is directly related to its country’s economic growth. In the aftermath of the Korean War, South Korea was in shambles. It was one of the poorest countries in the world for over a decade.

Korean war photo

South Korea experienced rapid growth from the 1960s to the 1980s. They employed the strategy of outward-looking strategy since they did not have a lot of natural resources and they had a small domestic market. They focused on labor-intensive manufactured exports. The inflow of foreign capital propelled the rapid recovery and eventual growth well into the 1980s.

It was during that period of rapid growth that Korea first had their motor companies. Hyundai Motor Company was first established in 1968, but it was only an assembler, importing parts from its partner, Ford Motors. The first Korean developed car, the Hyundai Pony, was released in 1975. The current model of the Hyundai Sonata is in the image below.

From modest beginnings, South Korea is now the 14th largest economy in the world. It has a lot of national pride since they literally rose from the ashes. From the aftermath of war, this is Seoul now.

South Korea’s rapid rise can serve as a model for the other developing countries. Their automotive industry is literally racing to the finish line.

Kit homes are basically designed and manufactured off-site then delivered to the homeowner. Most of the technical and fundamental planning have been accomplished by the kit manufacturer. Every package differs on what is included, so it is best to do extensive research on which manufacturers offer the best deal. Kit home designs range from simple bungalows to larger houses. All packages arrive in pieces that the owner or hired builders must assemble. These materials are highly-customizable. Majority of kit homes do not include the foundation and the design of windows or doors. However, most packages do not require cutting materials. It is best to refer to the manual or call the manufacturer for assistance. Every part of the kit home is important and overlooking a detail or a step may cause problems building it.

Kit home packages fall into four basic categories. Log homes are made up of log-type logs or milled logs. These kits are used for building cabin homes. These home assemblies include the wall sections and roof trusses, which are factory-made and divided into panels or chunks when shipped. Builders can assemble the entire piece by dropping and bolting each into the right places. The Timber-frame homes include a strong construction skeleton framework; this kind of package offer more customization for the homeowner. Finally, Geodesic domes are energy-efficient houses that are constructed using hundreds of triangular pa

nels.

Even though ordering kit homes is cheaper than building a house on-site, it does not help you cut costs that way. Getting a kit home will save you time and spare you costs in getting excess materials. However, the price of a kit home is roughly just half of the costs in building it. Expenses will vary, depending on the design of the package. Take note that labour, land, utilities, and other customization are not yet included.

Before getting to the present you need to rip apart the wrapper or cut open the box. There are interesting ways to wrap a present that will puzzle the receiver. Aside from the gift itself, the way to present them makes the celebration more fun. So, aside from the typical gift wrappers, how else can we  wrap them up?

1. Piñata – This is a good way to wrap presents for kids or for adults who feel like kids. It does not need to be hanged but that will be fun, too. Opening a piñata means candies and freebies, too.
2. Newspaper – Wrap the present in a newspaper with a funny headline or anything that can catch the attention of the receiver.
3. Cute blouse – If you will be giving someone a cute blouse or dress, you can use that to wrap another present. When the receiver opens it, s/he'd realize there are two gifts!
4. Gift hampers – Everyone loves bringing home a gift hamper filled with delicious or fancy things. Hide the special present to blend with the rest of the package or underneath them. The receiver will be surprised what is waiting him/her.
5. A box in a box in a box – If you will be giving someone a smaller present, you can put it in a boxes of box. The receiver will have to keep opening boxes until s/he finds the present. Plus, s/he will have free boxes to use afterwards.

In gift-giving, what matters more is the thoughtfulness and the value of remembering someone. Finding a unique way to opening gifts adds up to the charm and warmth of the holiday season.

I already have a list of names of people that I plan to buy presents for. The list is not yet final, but not because I will be removing names. The list becomes longer as the holiday season draws near. It is not just an obsession to buy gifts; I like giving my loved ones tokens of appreciation. It makes me feel good when I know I have given a friend or a relative something that they like. Most of the items that I have collected throughout the year are not expensive, so gift shopping does not necessarily hurt my budget. Of course, I buy my family separate presents from what I have prepared before the holidays. Last year, I bought my mom a designer handbag. When we were kids, she would refrain from buying herself nice things just to be able to get us nice presents. This year, I have bought few accessories and blouses at bargain prices for her. I also plan to get her a fancy bracelet.

Aside from collecting novelty pieces, I like to shop around for gift hampers and gourmet baskets. They are fun presents because we get to share the stuff inside. Plus, they look very pretty. Sometimes I would rather just look at them and not open the package anymore. I buy gourmet baskets that are already prepared and packed. Also, I try to personalize gift hampers for close friends.

My fondness of giving gifts to friends and families make me feel good about myself, too. It reminds me of how lucky I am that we have the things we need and more. Even through the simplest gifts, I like to express to my loved ones that I remember them.

Just like any other teenager, I went through some rough time. Boy problems, identity crisis, insecurities. Transitioning to college was normal, too. It did not occur to me that I have some repressed troubles that could later on affect my relationships. Even my relationship with myself deteriorated when I could not take keeping it all in. It was a hard slap on my face when I realized that I am a drama queen. All this time I have been believing that I could take any problem that may arise and simply shrug it off. All the worries that I could not express at home would reflect on how I deal with other things. I would lash out on other people with prolonged anger or frustrations. Every day it felt like everyone was against me; I was focused with “I” alone and consider other people. It took me difficult time forgiving other people while I expect others to forgive me of my imperfections.

Friends have suggested that I seek a psychotherapy Melbourne professional to help me realize the roots of my problems and resolve them. I was in denial for a few months and refused to seek help. It changed when the people special to me have started to pull away, then I realized I should face my problems no matter how difficult it may be. I swallowed my pride and scheduled regular sessions.

The first few meetings were extremely painful. My therapist asked me to retell my life using my own words. For most of the time I
would choke and breakdown about the things I thought did not affect me at all. It was painful and awkward for me to verbalize everything I kept. At the same time, every meeting with her I leave with a light feeling in my chest.

I cannot say that I am fully healed. Until now I am seeing my psychotherapy Melbourne shrink and I wish I started seeing her when I was younger.

discipline necessary to guaranteeing food safety involves routine and preventive measures. There are basic to very specific ways in standard handling, preparation, and storing food to promote safety and lessen the risk of poisoning or illnesses.

There are institutions and program enters offering food safety training classes. The food and beverage industry is a moneymaking business; there is a significant population serving the industry as well. In 2012, more F&B establishments have been put up; this means that more people are needed in serving fast food chains, restaurants, and other food places. With the industry growing bigger, standards and maintenance should remain top priority over profits. Local and national governments monitor and control the quality and sustainability of every establishment's food management methods and precautions. Employees are subjected to food safety training classes.

Extensive training classes are available provided by local and private organizations. Food safety management trainings involve handling, preparation, and proper storage measures. Appropriate handling starts with proper hygiene; employees are highly encouraged to maintain a habit of putting on proper attires and regular hand-washing. The delivery and moving of products must also be monitored. Contamination may have already begin when improper or untidy containers and transportation modes have been used. Kitchens and serving areas must also be maintained at exemplary cleanliness. Even the simplest form of cleanliness make a big difference. For raw ingredients and other types of foods, washing and storing them accordingly keep the goods in healthy condition and lessen the chance of getting spoiled easily. Preparing foods that have already started deteriorating increases the risk of food poisoning or illnesses.

During the preparation of meals, there are environmental factors that must be considered. There are chances that the kitchen and the serving areas accumulate bacteria that may transfer to raw and cooked foods. Using proper tools and utensils in cooking lessens the risk of bacteria contamination. In addition to handling and preparation, proper storage tips are very helpful in keeping raw and cooked foods stay fresh longer and cleaner. Airtight containers, plastic or wooden containers, and freezers should be taken into consideration as well.

Despite the growing profits that the food industry can provide, maintaining the quality of food safety must not be neglected in exchange of higher earnings. It is the consumers and employees' health at stake when precautions and methods are not followed. Gaining further knowledge through food safety training classes are very helpful in promoting quality services.

To begin, e-commerce is the exchange of goods and services through electronic systems such as the Internet. The transactions take advantage of the world wide web, including but not limited to fund transfers, e-mail transactions, electronic systems, online marketing, advertising. Businesses have successfully advertised their tangible stores to gain more customers while the others set up a virtual online store to save start-up costs. Being successful in e-commerce takes more than a fancy website published overnight. Colorful and decorative layouts and text details do not suffice in attracting customers and even advertisers. The challenge does not stop when you have put up a website with a domain name and front page. Gaining visibility not only means putting your store on the Internet map, but taking advantage of the search engine facilities too. Search engines produce lists of results when an online user searches for information. Below are some of the important terminologies that a noob (hint: newbie) must know as an introduction:

Search Engine Optimization is the most popular process of earning viewers to a website. This involves organic way of increasing your chances of showing at higher ranks of major search engine websites like Google. When an online user finds a business and searches for certain keywords, search engines calculate and searches through the massive library of the Internet and find the potentially suitable links to suggest. Through search engine's algorithm, it looks for websites that have contents closest to the keywords searched.

Search Engine Marketing goes hand in hand with SEO. It is a form of online marketing through under the hood optimizations. This involves promotion of your business outside the webpage. Paid and unpaid advertising belong to this category as well. Through various marketing strategies through social media platforms, e-mail domains, and web analytics to name a few, your business page gets a bump closer to ideal page rankings. Take note that the top methods in gaining visibility does not necessarily come from aesthetics. The contents of the online shop or online menu of services must contain keywords connecting potential customers and your business.

Website Design Development helps define the nature of your business that you put out to the market. The process of knowing who to attract and how to attract help decide how professional developers can improve your website. Depending on the nature of your goods or services, experts can come up of systems adapted to you and your customers' needs. An online store showcasing several products may integrate a shopping cart to make online visitors more comfortable. Some offer accounts where clients get to save their shopping carts or wishlists for future references. There have been chances wherein customers are put off with the lack of system within the website.

Art, in its various formats, has been seen as an elitist form of expression. They say that only a few truly appreciate the lines, shape, balance, and texture of pieces. However, even without the social classes dividing people, aesthetics have always amused our senses. Strip off the concept that limits people into seeing through every beauty and imagination laid out to us. Without price tags, antiques and everyday pieces we see are work of art. Not that we must level each formats and works exactly equal in terms of execution and medium used, but resistance and deprival to feel art is a sin.

The exclusivity of art and the aesthetics serving as its post should inspire and not restrict appreciation. Aside from personal collections and creations kept within museums and our solitary households, let us withdraw our hesitations and create more indulging ambience outside the comforts of our bedrooms. Every senses can be seduced; even commercial interior design can blossom. Think of the romance in sitting at a cafe with hanging lamps setting the color mood – warm or cold, different cushioned chairs are placed at their own corners wanting to imagine with a reader, or the decors introducing themselves to regulars over cups of coffee. These are simple things taken for granted, but they can create an identity for a place. Commercial interior design can build relationships between a consumer and a merchant. The cascading of curtains, the sparkles of lights peaking from underneath, or ambient colors in the room wants your adoration; but the pleasure will always be yours.